College students with a tendency toward attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) tend to act impulsively because they cannot control their behavior. They display low academic achievement and insufficient social skills, and are at high risk for alcoholism and drug abuse. Although various intervention methods have been used to reduce ADHD tendency (eg, improving physical fitness and participating in sports and exercise), there are few studies on the relationship between ADHD and health-related physical fitness. Accordingly …

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to confirm the critical importance of active obesity management through a fitness program, and to provide foundational data required for effective obesity management of disabled persons residing in residential carse facilities.[Subjects and Methods] The study period lasted 16 weeks, from August 1 to November 30, 2014. The study participants comprised 9 individuals and they participated in a walking exercise program. An occupational therapist assessed each participant's body …

This study compared components of motor proficiency and physical fitness in adolescents with and without autism spectrum disorders, and assessed the associations between the two measures within each group. A total of 62 adolescent males with (n= 31) and without (n= 31) autism spectrum disorders aged 10–17 years completed the Bruininks–Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency (2nd ed.), the BROCKPORT Physical Fitness Test, and the bioelectrical impedance analysis. The main findings are as follows:(1) adolescents with autism spectrum …

Purpose The objective of this research was to investigate the risk for eating disorders (EDs) and compare body composition in participants with and without risk in adolescent Slovenian athletes and aged matched controls. Methods A total of 583 randomly selected adolescents, aged from 15 to 17 years, completed a sick, control, one stone, fat, food (SCOFF) questionnaire for detecting risk for EDs. Weight and body composition were measured using a bioelectrical impedance machine. Based on the data body mass index (BMI), percentiles …

AIM To examine the effect of combined exercise on colonic transit time (CTT) in admitted psychiatric patients. METHODS Over a 6-mo period, consecutive in patients with mental illness were recruited from the Somang Hospital Psychiatry Unit. A combined exercise program that included 60 min per day of exercise 3 d per week for 12 wk was performed. Physical fitness and CTT of the patients were measured twice before and twice after the exercise program. CTT was measured using a multiple marker technique with a radio …

Background: The waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) may be a better adiposity measure than the body mass index (BMI). We evaluated the prognostic performance of WHtR in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). Methods: First, we compared WHtR and BMI as adiposity measures in 712 healthy adults by tetrapolar bioimpedance analysis. Thereafter, baseline WHtR was analyzed as predictor of 12-month all-cause mortality in 821 Mexican mestizo adults with first-ever AIS by a Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for baseline …

Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare, multifaceted genetic disorder resulting from the absence of normally active paternally expressed genes from the 15q11-q13 chromosome region. Due to a lack of anthropometric and intellectual data in Taiwan, we attempted these evaluations. Twenty patients (14 males/6 females) aged 7–23 years with molecularly confirmed PWS were enrolled with parental consent. Their mean height standard deviation score (SDS) was− 1.26±1.89 (from− 4.3 to+ 2.16); mean weight SDS was+ 1.77±2.00 (from …

[Purpose] This study examined Nordic walking as an exercise intervention for the elderly with depression.[Subjects] Twenty-four patients who were diagnosed with depression were randomly selected and divided into two groups, an experimental group which performed Nordic walking, and a control group, which performed normal walking.[Methods] Both groups practiced their respective walking exercise for 50 minutes per day, three times a week for eight weeks. To compare the effects of the intervention, psychological factors using …

Mental health, sleep quality, and dietary intake are interlinked. Impairment of mental health and low sleep quality may contribute to obesity through the consumption of diets high in energy density. Nevertheless, it is not clear whether dietary energy density (DED) influences mental health. This study aimed to examine the association of DED with mental health indices, including depression, anxiety, stress, and sleep quality in women with overweight/obesity. There was a decreasing trajectory in serum triglyceride across quartiles …

Aim To examine the association between depressive symptoms and plasma amino acid related metaboli in older adults. Methods A total of 152 older adults aged≥ 65 years, residing in Niigata, Japan, were used for analysis. We evaluated depressive symptoms using the Geriatric Depression Scale‐15, which has been validated in older community‐dwelling individuals, and used a cut off score of≥ 5 to classify participants as having depressive symptoms. We used high‐performance liquid chromatography‐electrospray …