Due to improved efficacy of antitumour treatment in the general population, there are increasingly more childhood cancer survivors. However, some of these survivors are at risk of distant complications including cardiovascular disease. We aimed to examine the risk of overweight/obesity and abnormal body composition in a large group of patients from our paediatric oncology centre. We used anthropometric methods and electrical bioimpedance to assess these features, and then determined their association with disease and treatment …

Critically ill patients exhibit prominent muscle atrophy, which occurs rapidly after ICU admission and leads to poor clinical outcomes. The extent of atrophy differs among muscles as follows: upper limb: 0.7%–2.4% per day, lower limb: 1.2%–3.0% per day, and diaphragm 1.1%–10.9% per day. This atrophy is caused by numerous risk factors such as inflammation, immobilization, nutrition, hyperglycemia, medication, and mechanical ventilation. Muscle atrophy should be monitored noninvasively by ultrasound at the bedside. Ultrasound can …

… and fatigue in middle-aged Asian cancer survivors, and we found sarcopenia was associated with severe fatigue, especially in male survivors and pre-menopausal female survivors. A Japanese study, of which more than 75% of the subjects were female, found no relation between muscle strength and fatigue in comparisons of cancer survivors and healthy participants [6]. A cross- sectional study of Latin Americans including mainly elder people (mean age was 76 for the sarcopenic … 2011;22(6):1273-9. 6. Morishita S, Tsubaki A, Fu JB, Mitobe Y, Onishi H, Tsuji …

This cross-sectional study compares the muscle mass, core strength and physical fragility of patients recently diagnosed with colorectal cancer (pRD-CRC) with those of healthy subjects and identifies variables to be considered when designing pre-treatment physical interventions for such patients. Body composition, anthropometric variables, the muscle architecture of the lumbopelvic region, physical fitness and frailty were assessed in 32 pRD-CRC and 29 healthy control subjects. The patients showed a reduction in muscle mass (F …

Background Malnutrition is common in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, especially in elderly patients. The Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) is a widely used tool developed to detect malnutrition. The aim of this study was to compare the value of the PG-SGA and objective nutrition assessment parameters, in order to identify a better predictive index for malnutrition in elderly patients with CRC. Methods A total of 131 elderly patients (age≥ 60 years) with CRC were included and were evaluated for their individual …

Aims To identify unobserved body composition patterns among Chinese women with breast diseases using latent class analysis (LCA) and to examine the relationship between body composition patterns and breast cancer (BC) risk. Design A descriptive, cross‐sectional study. Methods Female patients (N= 1816) with breast diseases were included in the study from April 2016‐March 2017. Body composition measures were done by the bioelectrical impedance analysis. The LCA models were estimated using Mplus 8.1. Results Four latent …

Chemotherapy may negatively affect nutritional status and quality of life (QOL) in pancreatic cancer patients. Our aim was to investigate the beneficial effects of oral nutrition supplements (ONS) on pancreatic and bile duct cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Among patients with progressive pancreatic and bile duct cancer receiving chemotherapy, the ONS group (n= 15) received two packs of ONS daily for 8 weeks while the non-ONS group (n= 19) did not. Anthropometric measures, dietary intake, nutritional status, and quality …

Background: In previous our phase III study to compare perioperative standard diet with or without Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA)-enriched oral nutritional supplement (EPA-ON), additional EPA-ON did not contribute to prevent body weight loss after total gastrectomy. This report clarified whether EPA-ON could prevent loss of lean body mass (LBM) after total gastrectomy, a key secondary endpoint, in our phase III trial. Methods: This phase III study was designed as multicenter, open-label, superiority, randomized trial to confirm the …

The accuracy of the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in cancer patients is very important for dose adjustments of anti-malignancy drugs to reduce toxicities and enhance therapeutic outcomes. Therefore, the performance of eGFR equations, including their bias, precision, and accuracy, was explored in patients with varying stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) who needed anti-cancer drugs. The reference glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was assessed by the 99m Tc-diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid (99m Tc-DTPA) plasma …

Background The loss of muscle mass, known as sarcopenia, is a natural process of aging that is associated with adverse health outcomes regardless of age. Because cancer is a disease of aging, interest in sarcopenia and its potential impact in multiple cancer populations has increased significantly. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a guideline‐accepted method for sarcopenia detection. This systematic review assesses the literature pertaining to BIA use in the detection of sarcopenia in adults with cancer. Materials …