Critically ill patients exhibit prominent muscle atrophy, which occurs rapidly after ICU admission and leads to poor clinical outcomes. The extent of atrophy differs among muscles as follows: upper limb: 0.7%–2.4% per day, lower limb: 1.2%–3.0% per day, and diaphragm 1.1%–10.9% per day. This atrophy is caused by numerous risk factors such as inflammation, immobilization, nutrition, hyperglycemia, medication, and mechanical ventilation. Muscle atrophy should be monitored noninvasively by ultrasound at the bedside. Ultrasound can …

Abstract Background and Aim Sarcopenia is a pathological condition characterized by the progressive loss of muscle mass and increased amount of visceral fat. Recent evidence has revealed that sarcopenia is associated with certain diseases. However, the impact of sarcopenia on colorectal neoplasia has not been documented clearly. We studied the association between sarcopenia and advanced colorectal neoplasia in a large screening population. Methods This cross‐sectional study included 14 024 asymptomatic adults who …

Due to improved efficacy of antitumour treatment in the general population, there are increasingly more childhood cancer survivors. However, some of these survivors are at risk of distant complications including cardiovascular disease. We aimed to examine the risk of overweight/obesity and abnormal body composition in a large group of patients from our paediatric oncology centre. We used anthropometric methods and electrical bioimpedance to assess these features, and then determined their association with disease and treatment …

Chemotherapy may negatively affect nutritional status and quality of life (QOL) in pancreatic cancer patients. Our aim was to investigate the beneficial effects of oral nutrition supplements (ONS) on pancreatic and bile duct cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Among patients with progressive pancreatic and bile duct cancer receiving chemotherapy, the ONS group (n= 15) received two packs of ONS daily for 8 weeks while the non-ONS group (n= 19) did not. Anthropometric measures, dietary intake, nutritional status, and quality …

… and fatigue in middle-aged Asian cancer survivors, and we found sarcopenia was associated with severe fatigue, especially in male survivors and pre-menopausal female survivors. A Japanese study, of which more than 75% of the subjects were female, found no relation between muscle strength and fatigue in comparisons of cancer survivors and healthy participants [6]. A cross- sectional study of Latin Americans including mainly elder people (mean age was 76 for the sarcopenic … 2011;22(6):1273-9. 6. Morishita S, Tsubaki A, Fu JB, Mitobe Y, Onishi H, Tsuji …

Background Weight loss in patients with cancer is caused by cancercachexia and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Recentdevelopments in antiemetic drugs have substantially improved CINV, butnutritional intervention did not improve body weight. This study aimed toinvestigate the effects of nutrition intervention with appropriate antiemetictreatment in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer during chemotherapy. Methods Patients received individualized nutrition counseling by aregistered dietitian and …

Goals of work Our aim was to compare the effects of land versus water multimodal exercise programs on body composition and breast cancer-specific quality of life in breast cancer survivors. Patients and methods Ninety-eight breast cancer survivors were assigned to three groups: control, land exercise, and water exercise. Both exercise groups participated in an 8-week multimodal program. Adiposity was measured by anthropometry (body mass index, waist circumference) and bioelectrical impedance (body fat and muscle lean body mass) …

Purpose The purposes of this study are to examine (1) the feasibility and efficacy of two different home-based exercise protocols on the level of physical activity (PA), and (2) the effect of increased PA via home-based exercise program on biomarkers of colorectal cancer. Methods Seventeen patients (age 55.18±13.3 years) with stage II–III colorectal cancer completed the 12-week home-based exercise program. Subjects were randomized into either casually intervened home-based exercise group (CIHE) or intensely intervened home …

Purpose This study aimed to examine the effects of a postsurgical, inpatient exercise program on postoperative recovery in operable colon cancer patients Methods We conducted the randomized controlled trial with two arms: postoperative exercise vs. usual care. Patients with stages I–III colon cancer who underwent colectomy between January and December 2011 from the Colorectal Cancer Clinic, were recruited for the study. Subjects in the intervention group participated in the postoperative inpatient exercise program consisted …

We investigated whether personalized dietary intervention could improve clinical measurements such as immune cell-mediated cytotoxicity, serum albumin, derivatives of reactive oxygen metabolites (D-ROMS), D-dimer, and fibrinogen. Cancer patients received either a treatment support diet (TD, for those with chemotherapy), or a remission support diet (RD; for those in remission) for at least 3 wk (21–61 days). Both diets were low glycemic, low fat, and high plant protein diets; the diet for the TD group contained an additional 0.5 …