We sought to identify the frequencies of presarcopenia, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and to cross-sectionally determine the nutritional and dietary factors associated with loss of skeletal muscle mass in such patients. Dietary and body component changes produced by a diet intervention were longitudinally investigated. Forty-six NAFLD patients (24 males and 22 females) were enrolled. A second diet treatment was performed at 6 months after entry in 19 of the enrolled …

There are limited studies on the prevalence of adherence to the combined guidelines for physical activity (PA), sedentary behavior, and sleep in children and adolescents. Moreover, little is known about correlates of adherence to the guidelines. Therefore, the main aim of this study is to examine the prevalence and identify the correlates of adherence to the combined movement guidelines among children and adolescents. A total of 355 children aged 8–13 years (44% boys) and 324 adolescents aged 14–18 years (43% boys) from the …

Babassu mesocarp is a component of the babassu palm tree fruit (Orbignya phalerata Mart.)(Vinhal, Lima, & Barbosa, 2014) and is well known for its nutritional value due to its high-carbohydrate content and antioxidant components, such as polyphenols, as well as triterpenes, glycosylated triterpenes, tannins, saponins, and steroids (de Almeida et al., 2011). The medicinal potential of babassu mesocarp has been acknowledged through pre-clinical trials which show its biological activity due to its anti-inflammatory and …

Objective: To determine the prevalence of sarcopenia in the pre-frail community dwelling older adults based on the Asian Workgroup for Sarcopenia (AWGS 2019) criteria. In addition, the utility of case finding using the SARC-F, SARC-CalF and calf circumference on impact of prevalence was explored. Methods: 75 older adults≥ 65 years old were recruited between October 2019 and March 2020. The algorithms of AWGS 2019 was applied retrospectively to pre-frail participants recruited for an intervention study in primary care …

Abstract Objectives Validation of the Danish version of the SARC-F (Strength, Assistance in walking, Rise from a chair, Climb stairs, and Falls) for hospitalized geriatric medical patients, compared against the original EWGSOP (European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People) and revised EWGSOP2 definition for sarcopenia. Additionally, investigation of the ability of SARC-F to individually identify low strength/function and muscle mass. Design Cross-sectional analysis of data from an RCT. Setting Hospital, Medical Department …

During menopause, women undergo a series of physiological changes that include a redistribution of fat tissue. This study was designed to investigate the effect of adding 10 g of cocoa-rich chocolate to the habitual diet of postmenopausal women daily on body composition. We conducted a 6-month, two-arm randomised, controlled trial. Postmenopausal women (57· 2 (sd 3· 6) years, n 132) were recruited in primary care clinics. Participants in the control group (CG) did not receive any intervention. Those of the …

Reports investigating the relationship between sarcopenic obesity and activities of daily living in older patients with stroke were limited. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and its association with activities of daily living in older post-stroke patients in convalescent rehabilitation wards. This study was performed in older post-stroke patients admitted to convalescent rehabilitation wards between January 2017 and March 2019. Sarcopenia was diagnosed based on the skeletal muscle mass index and hand grip …

Malnutrition is associated with sarcopenia, cachexia, and prognosis. We investigated the usefulness of phase angle (PhA) as a marker of sarcopenia, cachexia, and malnutrition in 412 hospitalized patients with cardiovascular disease. We analyzed body composition with bioelectrical impedance analysis, and nutritional status such as controlling nutritional status (CONUT) score. Both skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and PhA correlated with age, grip strength and knee extension strength (p< 0.0001) in both sexes. The SMI value correlated …

Background: The amount and type of lipids consumed has a great impact on serum lipid pro le and risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). A novel index named atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) is better predictors of CVD risk factors than lipids alone. This study aimed to investigate the effect of edible oils on AIP. Methods: This cross-sectional study conducted on preliminary phase of Ravansar Non-Communicable Disease (RaNCD) cohort study. The amount of consumption of edible lipids was determined based on validated Food Frequency …

Background Obesity is an important public health problem, particularly among middle‐aged women. Type D personality, characterized by negative affectivity and social inhibition, is prevalent among obese and overweight middle‐aged women and has been linked to maladaptive health‐related behaviors and unhealthy lifestyle. Lifestyle interventions based on type D personality could be a first step in combatting obesity in middle‐aged women. Aim To identify the effects of a lifestyle intervention based on type D personality on health …