Objectives Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have aberrant changes in body composition, including low skeletal muscle mass, a feature of “sarcopenia.” The measurement of the (quadriceps) rectus femoris (RF) cross‐sectional area (CSA) is widely used as a marker of muscle size. Cutoff values are needed to help discriminate the condition of an individual's muscle (eg, presence of sarcopenia) quickly and accurately. This could help distinguish those at greater risk and aid in targeted treatment programs. Methods …

Serum carnitine is decreased in hemodialysis patients, which induces muscle atrophy. Thus, we examined the different effects of l‐carnitine and exercise on exercise activity and muscle status in hemodialysis patients. Twenty patients were divided into l‐carnitine and cycle ergometer groups and were followed for 3 months. Muscle and fat mass, physical activities, and muscle status were evaluated by an impedance, physical function test, and magnetic resonance imaging, respectively. The l‐carnitine significantly increased muscle mass (P …

Objective The aims of this study were to investigate the association between osteosarcopenic obesity (OSO) and physical performance in Chinese elderly communities. Methods Our study population is comprised of residents of the Township Central Hospital in the suburban of Tianjin, China. Participants (n= 303; percent body fat (PBF):≥ 25% for men and≥ 32% for women) were assessed using the direct segmental multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) for body composition. Sarcopenia was defined as the …

Purpose: To investigate the associations of physical performance with positive and negative dimensions of mental well-being in middle-aged women and explore the role of physical activity (PA) in these associations. Methods: Data were drawn from the Estrogenic Regulation of Muscle Apoptosis (ERMA) study in which women 47 to 55 years were randomly selected from the Finnish National Registry. They (n= 909) participated in measurements of physical performance (handgrip force, knee extension force, vertical …

An abnormal lipid profile is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between vitamin B12 deficiency and lipid profile is inconclusive, with most studies conducted in unhealthy populations. In this study, we aimed to assess the relationship between serum vitamin B12 levels and lipid profiles in a cross-sectional study that included 341 apparently healthy Saudi women, aged 19–30 years, from different colleges at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia. Sociodemographic, anthropometric …

Background Fluid imbalance is associated with various clinical conditions, but the association between elevated extracellular‐water to total‐body‐water (ECW/TBW) ratio, an indicator of fluid balance, and cognitive impairment is unknown. We aimed to investigate relationship between ECW/TBW ratio and cognitive function in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods This study was a cross‐sectional design, comparing 1233 patients aged 61.4±8.0 years from the Singapore Study of Macro‐angiopathy and Micro‐vascular Reactivity in Type …

Background: Cancer-associated cachexia is characterized by ongoing loss of skeletal muscle and has a high incidence in gastric cancer. Although studies have focused on the effect of in ammatory cytokines on skeletal muscle loss, it is not clear whether in ammatory cytokines affect other physiological functions, particularly immunity in gastric cancer. Thus, we aim to investigate the relationships between circulating TNF-α, skeletal muscle and peripheral immune status in gastric cancer. Methods: Totally 392 gastric cancer patients in …

This study investigated the effects of a four-week HIIT intervention on the cardiometabolic risk profile, liver fat content, insulin requirement, hypoglycaemia, physical fitness, and health-related quality of life in patients with T1DM. A supervised exercise intervention with baseline to follow-up comparison between overweight (BMI= 28.6±2.1 kg/m2) and normal weight (BMI= 23.2±1.40 kg/m2) T1DM patients was performed. Eleven overweight (age= 40.7±14.3 years) and 11 normal weight (age= 42.2±15.5 years) T1DM patients performed a four-week …

Background Cardiac rehabilitation programs reduce the likelihood of relapse and cardiac arrest in patients with cor-onary artery disease. The goal of this study was to compare and analyze changes in cardiovascular risk factors and physical fitness in patients who participated in short-term (ST) and long-term (LT) cardiac rehabilitation programs following coronary artery percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods This study included 193 men aged≥ 45 years who received PCI for coronary artery occlusive disease. The …

Purpose Body mass index (BMI) might be an inaccurate estimate of detailed body composition because it does not differentiate muscle from fat mass. We sought to understand the effect of kidney function decline on alterations of body composition patterns among pre-dialysis CKD patients. Methods Body composition was measured by multi-frequency bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Low muscle mass was defined as appendicular muscle mass (kg) adjusted to the square of height in meters< 7.0 and 5.7 kg/m …