Context Exercise training improves bone mineral density, but little is known about the effects of training on bone marrow (BM) metabolism. BM insulin sensitivity has been suggested to play an important role in bone health and whole-body insulin sensitivity. Objective To study the effects of exercise training on BM metabolism. Design Randomized controlled trial. Setting Clinical research center. Participants Sedentary healthy (n= 28, 40–55 years, all males) and insulin resistant (IR) subjects (n= 26, 43–55 years, males/females 16/10) …

Introduction Body image has been previously defined as the mental figure we have of the contours and shape of our body; and the feelings concerning these characteristics. A change in body perception can influence one's feelings of self‐worth and compromise functional abilities. Thus, the detection of distortions in body image could be important data for clinical evaluation of subjects with COPD. Objectives To assess the body image perception of subjects with COPD. Also, to investigate the association between body image …

Background In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), an accurate assessment of food intake is essential for clinical nutritional management. Tools such as the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) and 24‐h food record (24HR) identify dietary habits in support of dietary planning. However, it is possible that these tools have reporting errors with respect to assessing food intake, particularly energy intake (EI). Methods A cross‐sectional study was conducted in patients with type 2 DM. EI was assessed by the FFQ and 24HR tools. Resting …

Emerging data suggest that the gut microbiome is related to the pathophysiology of obesity. This study is aimed at characterizing the gut microbiota composition between obese and normal-weight Korean children aged 5-13. We collected fecal samples from 22 obese and 24 normal-weight children and performed 16S rRNA gene sequencing using the Illumina MiSeq platform. The relative abundance of the phylum Bacteroidetes was lower in the obese group than in the normal-weight group and showed a significant negative correlation with …

For older adults perceived quality of life has been linked to the ability to accomplish everyday tasks, a functional capacity which is thought to be based upon physical fitness. Although there is a relationship between physical activity and quality of life in older adults, the fitness of older adults and its relationship to quality of life needs more investigation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the associations between self-reported health-related quality of life and physical fitness in community-dwelling older females. A …

Objective: To elucidate the acute effect of different high-fat meals accompanied by water or orange juice on subjective appetite sensations. Methods: This acute, postprandial study included 39 healthy women (aged 20 to 40 years): 22 participants received a high-monounsaturated fat meal (MUFA)(≈ 1000 kcal, 56.3% Energy from MUFA) and 17 participants received a high-saturated fat meal (SFA)(≈ 1000 kcal, 37.6% Energy from SFA). Both interventions were accompanied by 500 ml of water or orange juice. The subjective …

Purpose We aimed to investigate the characteristics of kidney disease in severely obese Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods This was a cross-sectional study of severely obese patients (body mass index≥ 35 kg/m 2) with T2DM treated at Jinnouchi Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan. Results A total of 3128 T2DM patients visited the hospital during the survey period, of whom 55 patients (1.7%) were severely obese and 50 patients were enrolled. In terms of diabetic nephropathy (DN), twenty-five patients were …

Although, several studies have illustrated that there is a relation between dietary inflammatory index (DII) with obesity-related parameters, and inflammation, their results were controversial. This study aimed to investigate this relationship among Iranian women. Multivariable linear regression showed that fat mass was 0.14 kg lower in the anti-inflammatory diet group, with respect to the pro-inflammatory group, after adjusting covariates such as age, physical activity, economic and job status (β=− 0.142, 95% CI …

The purpose of this study is to investigate major determinants of peak aerobic capacity in subacute stroke patients among body composition, balance function, walking capacity, and lower limb muscular strength. This was a retrospective observational cohort study. Eighty-three subacute stroke patients were enrolled and their medical records were retrospectively reviewed in the study (47 males; mean age: 62.95±13.9 years). Gait capacity was assessed by gait velocity (10 m walk velocity: 10MWV) and gait endurance (6 min walk distance …

Background Blood flow restriction (BFR) exercise is recognized as a beneficial strategy in increasing skeletal muscle mass and strength. These positive effects can also be obtained by a mild exercise mode such as walking. However, BFR exacerbates some perceptual responses, such as perceived exertion response, induced by exercise. Despite this knowledge, the negative effects of BFR exercise on major perceptual parameters related to exercise adherence remain unknown. Furthermore, compared with other exercise modes …